u̯en-1, u̯enǝ-

    u̯en-1, u̯enǝ-

    English meaning: to strive; to wish for, to love

    Deutsche Übersetzung: ursprũnglich ‘streben”, from which “wũnschen, lieben, befriedigt sein” and “erarbeiten, Mũhe haben”, perfective “erreichen, gewinnen, siegen”

    Material: O.Ind. vánati, vanṓ ti “wũnscht, liebt, gewinnt, siegt”, participle vanita-, -vüta-, vánitr̥-, vantŕ̥- “ gainer “, Av. vanaiti, vanaoiti ‘siegt”, M.Pers. vanītan “defeat, conquer, hit”; O.Ind. Aor.-present vanáti in same meaning; Kaus. vanáyati and vüná yati (ersteres nicht covered); as -sk̂-present O.Ind. vǘ ñ chati “wũnscht”, compare vüñ chü f. “wish”; vanas- n. “lust” (compare Lat. Venus), vani- f. “desire, wish”, wherefore vanīyati “bettelt”, vanīyaka- “ beggar”, vanú- as noun agentis m. (compare Av. -vanuš in nom. Pr.); in compositions erscheirit ványa-; s. further vantü- as nom. sg. m. (Av. vantar “ victor”), vanti- nom. Act. (uncovered, yet compare Av. -vantay-); O.Ind. vǘ ma- “link” and vümá - “lieb(lich), lascivious”; Ven. VN Venetī from *u̯enetos “geliebt”; compare die Venostes in den Alpen, die Venetulani in Latium (Krahe IF. 58, 137); Lat.-Gmc. Venethi (Plin.); O.H.G. Winida “Wende” point at auf Proto-Gmc. *Venéto-, against it Lat.-Gmc. Venedi (Tacitus), O.E. Winedas “Wenden” auf *Venetó-; Maybe Alb. (*venedi) vendi “country, homeland”, vendos “place, put, settle, judge, decide” Lat. venus, -eris f. “love, Liebesgenuß, Liebreiz”, Venus name the Liebesgöttin, venustus “graceful, reizend, mellifluous”, veneror, -üri “with religious fear, shyness worship, huldigen, demũtig bid, beg, ask”, originally “die love bezeugen”; here also vēnor, -üri “pursue ein Wild, jage”; O.Ir. fine (*venjü) “ kinship, stem, family “, M.Ir. fin-galach “parricidalis”, coibnius “ kinship” (*con-venestu-), O.Bret. coguenou “indigena”, M.Bret. gouen “Rasse”, Welsh gwen “Lächeln” (out of it M.Ir. gen ds.?); außerordentlich reich vertreten is die root u̯en- in den Gmc. Sprachen: auf IE *u̯eni-s goes back Gaul. Veni- in PN Veni-carus etc., O.Ice. vinr “friend”, O.S. O.H.G.wini, O.Fris. O.E. wine; eine jü-derivative is Goth. winja “ willow, food”, M.L.G. O.H.G. winne, O.Ice. vin f. “Weideplatz” (compare O.Ir. fine “ kinship”); zero grade O.H.G. wunnia, wunna, wunnī “lust, Wonne”, O.S. wunnia, O.E. wynn ds. (M.H.G. wunne “Weideplatz”, only in the Formelwunne and weide replacement for das old winne); IE *u̯enistro- wird through O.Ice. vinstri “link”, O.S. winistar, O.Fris. winister etc. assumed, eine Komparativbildg. as Lat. sinister etc. (compare moreover O.Ind. vüma- “link”); frequent, often is the junction to “befriedigt sein, sich accustom “ in Gmc.; compare zero grades Goth. unwunands ‘sich nicht freuend”, O.Ice. una (*wunēn) “zufrieden sein with”, O.Fris. wonia, O.S. wonōn , wunōn ‘stay, dwell”, O.H.G. wonēn “ habitual, customary sein, sich accustom, bleiben, wohnen”; O.S. giwono, giwuno, O.E. gewun, O.H.G. giwon “ habitual, customary “; O.Ice. o-grade vanr ds.; derived O.S. giwono (*-wunan-) “ consuetude “ etc., O.Ice. vani m. ds.; O.Ice. venja (*wanjan), O.S. gi-wennian, O.E. wennan etc. “ accustom “; maybe Alb. vonë “late”, vonoj “delay, stay late” die lengthened grade hat Gmc. die meaning “hoffen, erwarten” angenommen; Goth. wēns (i-stem) “ expectation, hope”, O.Ice. vün, O.S. wün ds., O.Fris. wēn “opinion”, O.H.G. wün also “Vermutung, Wahn, intention” etc.; adj. necess. O.Ice. vǣ nn (*vēnja-) “to hoffen, pretty, pleasant”, wherefore O.Ice. vænd (*vēniÞō ) “hope, expectation “, Goth. wēnjan “erwarten, hoffen”, O.Ice. vǣ na ds., vǣ nask ‘sich rũhmen”, O.S. wünian etc.; zero grade O.Ice. ōsk (*wunskō) “wish”, O.E. wūsc-, O.H.G. wunsc “wish” etc., O.Ice. ø̄skja “wish”, O.E. wȳscan ds. (compare gewȳscan “adoptieren”), O.H.G. wunscen ds. etc. (compare above O.Ind. vüñ chati); die meaning “work, leiden, quarrel, gain “ shows sich Gmc. in the family Goth. winnan “leiden”, O.Ice. vinna “work, align, ũberwinden”, O.S. winnan “quarrel, fight” etc., O.E. wiðerwinna m. “ adversary “, O.H.G. widarwinno ds.; Goth. winnō, winna “ affliction, - schaft”, O.Ice.vinna “work”, O.H.G. winna “fight”, M.H.G. winne “pain”; schließlich Goth. wunns “ affliction “; Church Slavic uniti “velle”, unjii, uněji “better”; Hitt. u̯en-, u̯ent- “futuere”; Toch. A wañi, В wīn- “pleasure”.

    References: WP. I 258 f., WH. II 752 f., Vasmer 3, 184.